兴蒙造山区及邻区早白垩世盆地岩石地层格架 与沉积古地理演化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

旷红伟  柳永清  刘燕学  彭楠  许欢  董超  陈军  刘海  徐加林  薛沛霖 《地质通报》2013,32(7):1063-1084

在重点梳理兴蒙造山区及其相邻地区早白垩世地层分布与沉积古地理特征的基础上,从地层沉积学角度探讨了研究区早白垩世沉积盆地特征。兴蒙造山区中东部在晚侏罗世巨厚粗碎屑沉积建造之上发育了巨厚的酸性－中性火山岩－火山碎屑岩与河流－湖泊相沉积岩系,构成中国东北部巨型NE向火山岩－沉积岩带。兴蒙造山区中东部早白垩世早中期以断陷（裂谷）盆地为主,古地貌以高地、河流和湖泊共存为特征,气候温湿且炎热,热河生物群萌生;早白垩世中晚期,北东向地壳强烈伸展并进一步向外围地区扩展,沉积盆地及充填建造和热河生物群也相应地向更广泛区域辐射发展。兴安岭-燕山沉积-火山岩带与古太平洋板块俯冲无关,板内软流圈上涌导致的区域性伸展是其主要的成因动力机制,也是中国东部早白垩世中晚期更大规模区域性伸展作用的序幕。兴蒙东部早白垩世晚期沉积盆地发育和古地理格局受Izanagi板块向亚洲大陆东部俯冲弧后伸展构造机制约束。  相似文献   

内蒙古银额盆地额济纳旗赛汉陶来地区石炭系 —二叠系煤层的发现及其意义     

卢进才  魏仙样  魏建设  姜亭  牛亚卓  陶继雄  徐永 《地质通报》2013,32(10):1653-1664

在对赛汉陶来地区19口石油及煤田钻井地层岩性组合特征分析的基础上,总结了中生代不同构造单元的地层分布特征、含煤层段岩性特征及煤岩物理化学特征。含煤层段岩性组合为沉火山碎屑岩或再搬运的沉火山岩、泥岩夹煤层,具有典型裂谷盆地沉积特征。该套地层横向分布稳定,不同构造单元之间可进行对比,单井平均可采煤层的厚度为4.77m。煤岩演化程度较低,为不粘煤。含煤层段沉火山角砾岩获得的锆石年龄为295.0Ma±1.3Ma~303.4Ma±2.8Ma,对应地层为上石炭统—下二叠统干泉组。银额盆地赛汉陶来地区石炭系—二叠系含煤地层的发现不仅指示了良好的煤炭资源前景,并且对石炭纪—二叠纪盆地构造演化、沉积体系,以及石炭系—二叠系沉积埋藏史等基础地质问题的研究具有重要意义。  相似文献   

内蒙古银额盆地西部路井凹陷油气地球化学特征 与油气源   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

魏仙样  卢进才  魏建设 《地质通报》2013,32(10):1665-1672

通过对银额盆地西部路井凹陷华力西晚期侵入岩、侏罗系、白垩系等不同层系所获原油的族组分、全油同位素、原油生物标记化合物、原油伴生气组分、同位素地球化学特征的分析,探讨了不同层系原油的生油母质类型、沉积环境和生烃母质的演化程度。对上石炭统—下二叠统干泉组、侏罗系、白垩系烃源岩沉积环境进行分析,并与上石炭统—下二叠统干泉组生物标志化合物的对比,认为路井凹陷不同层段所获得的原油与上石炭统—下二叠统干泉组烃源岩具有良好的亲缘关系,原油地球化学特征及生物标志化合物差异的原因是不同位置干泉组上段与下段烃源岩的贡献不同。  相似文献   

内蒙古突泉盆地ZK-WJT钻井下侏罗统红旗组 生烃潜力   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

蒋兴超  陈树旺  唐友军  张健  苏飞 《地质通报》2013,32(8):1236-1242

对突泉盆地西南缘ZK-WJT井红旗组烃源岩的发育特征和有机质丰度、类型及成熟度的研究表明,下侏罗统红旗组暗色泥岩发育,厚度达113.0m.有机碳的含量分布在0.56％～6.24％之间,平均值为1.90％.应用Pr/n-C17与Ph/n-C18的相关关系及C27、C28、C29甾烷(ααα-20R)三者的相对含量,判断其有机质类型为Ⅱ1型.镜质组反射率R.主要分布于1.26％～1.73％之间,平均值为1.37％;岩石热解参数Tmax主要为489.0～517.0℃,平均值为507.6℃,红旗组烃源岩属于成熟—高成熟演化阶段.综合评价认为,突泉盆地下侏罗统红旗组具备较好的生油气潜力.  相似文献   

广西凭祥中三叠世盆地沉积特征与构造属性分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

宋博  闫全人  向忠金  陈辉明  马铁球  杨广元 《地质学报》2013,87(4):453-473

凭祥中三叠世盆地位于印支地块与华南地块碰撞拼合的缝合带内,记录了沿华南地块南缘展布的古特提斯分支洋盆俯冲闭合、印支地块与华南地块碰撞拼合的过程。本文通过大比例尺实测地质剖面,详细测量了凭祥盆地沉积相序及其组合变化,分析了不同相序的沉积环境及其物源,并探讨了盆地构造属性。结果表明,凭祥盆地主要充填有深水盆地相、浊积扇相和三角洲相等不同环境的沉积物。中三叠世期间盆地呈现为一系列因碰撞拼合作用形成的构造高地间夹深谷的岩相古地理面貌。深水盆地相以发育大套深灰色泥页岩和裹夹碎屑流沉积为特征,碎屑流沉积发育于构造高地陡坡一侧。浊积扇相以发育槽模、正粒序、爬升波纹层理、包卷层理、双向交错层理、透镜状层理、平行层理为特征。三角洲相以发育大型板状交错层理、潮沟、厚层透镜状砂体和砖红色泥岩为特征,类似发育于俯冲汇聚环境下的牙买加型扇三角洲,可能发育于构造高地缓坡一侧。沉积作用分析表明,主要存在碎屑流、浊流等重力流作用,并识别出底流作用。古水流分析表明存在向南和向北两个方向的物质搬运。岩相学特征表明盆地砂岩成分成熟度和结构成熟度均较低,物源为再旋回造山带或碰撞造山带。本文研究结果认为：凭祥盆地是一个伴随古特提斯分支洋盆俯冲闭合而被强烈改造的残余弧前盆地,时空上与之相配套是北泗组岛弧型流纹斑岩。该弧盆系统可能于晚二叠世末开始发育,中三叠世末结束沉积充填,暗示印支地块和华南地块最终于中三叠世碰撞拼合。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地凝析气田的地质特征及其形成机制   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨海军  朱光有 《岩石学报》2013,29(9):3233-3250

塔里木盆地凝析油气资源丰富,已发现了二十余个凝析气田,包括库车坳陷的陆相油气来源的凝析气田和台盆区海相烃源岩来源的凝析气田;储层有碎屑岩,也有碳酸盐岩;时代自奥陶系至新生代均有分布。这些凝析气田的气油比分布在600~19900m³/m³,凝析油含量40~750g/m³;储层温度在78~155℃;地层压力在37~111MPa。研究认为,塔里木盆地凝析气藏的成因类型可以分为原生凝析气藏和次生凝析气藏。其中,以库车坳陷迪那2凝析气田为代表的煤系烃源岩在高演化阶段(镜质体反射率Ro为1.2%~2.0%),即凝析油和湿气生成带所形成的原生腐植型凝析气藏或煤成型凝析气藏。次生凝析气藏包括两类:陆相油气来源的多期充注,晚期干气对早期油藏发生混合改造,形成了以牙哈为代表的陆相油气成因的次生凝析气藏;以海相油气来源,多期油气充注与晚期干气气侵,造成蒸发分馏,在运移、聚集和成藏过程中烃体系分异、富化,发生反凝析作用,从而导致次生凝析气藏的形成。随着塔里木盆地勘探向深层转化,地层的温度和压力逐渐增高,烃类演化程度的升高,不同生烃阶段的烃体系混合也将更为普遍,次生凝析气藏也将更为普遍,因此,以海相油气来源的次生成因型凝析气藏将成为勘探的主体。  相似文献   

雪峰造山带南段靖州盆地成因性质及形成背景   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

柏道远  钟响  贾朋远  熊雄  黄文义 《中国地质》2013,40(4):1079-1091

靖州盆地是位于雪峰构造带南段的一个NE向晚三叠世一中侏罗世小型陆相盆地,前人研究提出其为NNE向溆浦-靖州大断裂左行走滑形成的拉分伸展盆地.本文对靖州盆地构造特征、T3-J2沉积和原型盆地特征等进行了系统研究,在此基础上提出该盆地实为挤压类前陆盆地,主要依据有:①沉积物高成熟度以及残留盆地边界与盆地周缘先期地质界线总体协调一致,说明盆地沉积时为挤压挠曲作用下形成的低缓洼地;②沉积物高成熟度和远源特征,指示盆地形成于相对稳定构造环境;③盆地北端T3-J1沉积空间由岩层弯曲下凹提供;沉积物产状变化指示J2盆地受到NW向挤压并产生持续褶皱变形;沉积物特征指示沉积环境西浅东深,进一步暗示J2盆地发展受控于NW向挤压与东缘逆冲块体的重力载荷;④盆缘伸展断裂少见,因挤压形成的小型走滑断裂、逆断裂、共轭剪节理等则多见;⑤从溆浦-靖州断裂走向偏转情况来看,该断裂左行走滑时靖州盆地所处部位应为挤压区而非拉张区.据盆地沉积和构造特征及区域大地构造演化背景,盆地的形成主要与晚三叠世-早侏罗世区域SN向挤压、中侏罗世区域NWW向挤压和NNE向左行走滑有关.  相似文献   

Salt-influenced normal fault growth and forced folding: The Stavanger Fault System,North Sea     

《Journal of Structural Geology》2013

Displacement ratio (D_r) is the ratio between salt thickness (T_v) and sub-salt normal fault displacement (D) (D_r = T_v/D), and it is typically used to predict the degree of geometric and kinematic linkage between sub- and supra-salt fault populations, and the overall structural style in salt-influenced extensional settings. However, we currently lack natural examples of how D_r and the underlying geological controls vary, and how these may control the three-dimensional geometry and evolution of salt-influenced normal fault systems. Furthermore, it is currently unknown if kinematic coherence in salt-influenced extensional settings can be maintained over relatively long length-scales (10¹–10³ m) and for relatively long timeframes, and how this may impact the growth and geometry of large-throw (>500 m), salt-influenced normal fault systems. In this paper we use a 3600 km², high-quality 3D seismic reflection dataset and borehole data from the Stavanger Fault System (SFS), Egersund Basin, eastern North Sea Basin to investigate; (i) how pre-rift salt thickness (T_v) and sub-salt fault throw (T) control the structural style and evolution of a basin-bounding, salt-influenced normal fault system; and (ii) the role salt plays in maintaining kinematic coherence in normal fault systems. We demonstrate that; (i) pre-rift salt distribution (T_v), specifically its presence in the proto-footwall (i.e., when T_v > 0), is the primary control on partitioning of faulting and (forced) folding along the fault system, and the style of linkage (i.e., hard- or soft-linkage) between sub- and supra-salt fault populations; and (ii) sub- and supra-salt fault populations represent brittle elements of a single, geometrically and kinematically coherent structure, the geometry and evolution of which is related to the ductile translation of strain on a scale (up to 8 km) and duration (c. 65 Myr) that believe is significantly greater and longer than previously documented.  相似文献   

Late Cretaceous paleoenvironmental evolution of the Tarfaya Atlantic coastal Basin,SW Morocco     

《Cretaceous Research》2013

Lithological evidence, benthic foraminiferal census counts, and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) scanner-derived elemental data were integrated with planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and bulk carbonate stable isotopes to retrace the Turonian to early Campanian paleoenvironmental evolution and sea-level history of the Tarfaya Atlantic coastal basin (SW Morocco). The lower Turonian is characterized by laminated organic-rich deposits, which contain impoverished benthic foraminiferal assemblages, reflecting impingement of the oxygen minimum zone on the shelf during a sea-level highstand. This highstand level is correlated to the global transgressive pulse above the sequence boundary Tu1. The appearance of low-oxygen tolerant benthic foraminiferal assemblages dominated by Gavelinella sp. in the middle to upper Turonian indicates an improvement in bottom water oxygenation, probably linked to offshore retraction of the oxygen minimum zone during a regressive phase. This interval is marked by major regressive events expressed by a series of erosional truncations associated with the prominent sequence boundaries Tu3 and/or Tu4. Dysoxic–anoxic conditions recorded in the upper Santonian of the Tarfaya Basin coincide with the eustatic sea-level rise prior to Sa3 sequence boundary. The lower Campanian transgression, only recorded in the southern part of the Tarfaya Basin, coincided with substantial deepening, enhanced accumulation of fine-grained clay-rich hemipelagic sediments and improved oxygenation at the seafloor (highest diversity and abundance of benthic foraminiferal assemblages). Stable isotope data from bulk carbonates are tentatively correlated to the English Chalk carbon isotope reference curve, in particular the Hitch Wood Event in the upper Turonian, the Navigation Event in the lower Coniacian, the Horseshoe Bay Event in the Santonian and the Santonian/Campanian Boundary Event.  相似文献   

Charophytes from the Upper Berriasian of the Western Interior Basin of the United States     

《Cretaceous Research》2013

A charophyte flora from the Upper Berriasian is described from the Lakota (Black Hills, South Dakota) and Cedar Mountain formations (San Rafael Swell, Utah) of the Western Interior Basin, United States of America. Whereas the latter is dominated by monotonous assemblages of the clavatoracean Nodosoclavator bradleyi (Harris, 1939), found in temporary lakes within palustrine facies, the flora of the Lakota Formation consists of more varied assemblages of the clavatoraceans N. bradleyi (Harris, 1939), Clavator grovesii grovesii Harris 1939, C. bilateralis Peck 1957 and early characeans (Mesochara sp. or Tolypella sp.). This flora was found in deposits related to permanent lakes in fluvial floodplains, i.e. lacustrine marls and limestones that do not show any evidence of subaerial exposure. To date, little is known about C. bilateralis, we provide a new definition on the basis of its particular structure, which shows lateral bract-cell units with a pinnate arrangement. This species appears to be endemic to North America and stratigraphically limited to the earliest Cretaceous. C. grovesii grovesii is part of a long-lasting charophyte lineage, which until now was considered to have originated in the Central Tethyan Archipelago (Europe) during the Early Berriasian, about 145 Ma, and limited to Eurasia until most of the Early Cretaceous. The new data presented here suggest that during the Berriasian this species was very broadly distributed, comprising North America, Europe and China.  相似文献